A study on the Changthangi pashmina and the Bakerwali goat breeds in Kashmir: I. Analysis of blood protein polymorphisms and genetic variability within and between the populations

Publikations-Art

Zeitschriftenbeitrag (peer-reviewed)

Autoren

Menrad,M.; Stier,C.-H.; Geldermann,H.; Gall,C.F.

Erscheinungsjahr

2002

Veröffentlicht in

Small Ruminant Research

Band/Volume

43/

Seite (von - bis)

3 -14

Blood samples of 483 Pashmina goats and 392 Bakerwali goats were taken from the Ladakh and Jammu provinces, respectively, for characterisation of the breeds by polymorphic enzymes and proteins. Furthermore, the sex, age, body weight and hematocrit of both breeds and the pashmina yield of Pashmina goats were recorded. Polymorphisms of 12 enzymes and proteins (albumin (Al), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), amylase (Amy), NADH-diaphorase 1 (Dia1), vitamin-D-binding protein (Gc), haemoglobin (Hb), hemopexin (Hpx), nucleoside phosphorylase (Np), malic enzyme (ME), phosphohexose-isomerase (PHI), transferrin (Tf), X-protein (X)) in blood plasma and hemolysate were determined using gel electrophoresis. Out of 12 protein systems, 10 were found to be polymorphic. In four systems (Al, Amy, Dia1, Hpx) new phenotypes were detected. To estimate the genetic variability within breeds, the degrees of heterozygosity, deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg-equilibrium (HWE) and FIS-, FST-, and FIT-values were estimated. In comparison with literature data both breeds show slightly higher variability than other goat breeds, with degrees of heterozygosity ranging from 15 to 25% and 24 to 26% in the Pashmina and Bakerwali goat populations, respectively, and the percentage of polymorphic loci ranging from 50 to 67%. On the other hand, a decrease of variability at some loci can be observed in both breeds. Deviations from HWE in combination with a deficiency of heterozygote genotypes were observed in all sub-populations apart from the Pashmina sub-population `Likir'. Genetic differences between the goat breeds could be quantified through calculation of Nei's genetic distances ranging from 0.002 to 0.080. With exception of the Pashmina sub-population `Likir', lower distance values were found between sub-populations within the respective breeds.