Nitrogen enrichment enhances the dominance of grasses over forbs in a temperate steppe ecosystem

Publikations-Art

Zeitschriftenbeitrag

Autoren

Song, L., Bao, M., Liu, X.J., Zhang, Y., Christie, P., Fangmeier, A., Zhang, F.S.

Erscheinungsjahr

2011

Veröffentlicht in

Biogeosciences Discussions

Band/Volume

8/

ISBN / ISSN / eISSN

doi:10.5194/bgd-8-1-2011

Seite (von - bis)

5057–5082

Chinese grasslands are extensive natural ecosystems that comprise 40% of the total land area of the country and are sensitive to N deposition. A field experiment with six N rates (0, 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 kgNha^-1 yr^-1) was conducted at Duolun, Inner Mongolia, during 2005 and 2010 to identify some effects of N addition on a temperature steppe ecosystem. The dominant plant species in the plots were divided into two categories, grasses and forbs, on the basis of species life forms. Enhanced N deposition, even as little as 30 kgNha^-1 yr^-1 above ambient N deposition (16 kgNha^-1 yr^-1), led to a decline in species richness. The cover of grasses increased with N addition rate but their species richness showed a weak change across N treatments. Both species richness and cover of forbs declined strongly with increasing N deposition as shown by linear regression analysis (p < 0.05). Increasing N deposition elevated aboveground production of grasses but lowered aboveground biomass of forbs. Plant N concentration, plant ¹⁵N and soil mineral N increased with N addition, showing positive relation ships between plant ¹⁵N and N concentration, soil mineral N and/or applied N rate. The cessation of N application in the 480 kgNha^-1 yr^-1 treatment in 2009 and 2010 led to a slight recovery of the forb species richness relative to total cover and aboveground biomass, coinciding with reduced plant N concentration and soil mineral N. The results show that N deposition induced changes in soil N transformations and plant N assimilation that are key to changes in species composition and biomass accumulation in this temperate steppe ecosystem