Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on biomass, yield and low molecular weight metabolites in wheat grain

Publication Type
Journal contribution (peer reviewed)
Authors
Högy, P., Keck, M., Niehaus, K., Franzaring, J., Fangmeier, A.
Year of publication
2010
Published in
Journal of Cereal Science
Band/Volume
52/
ISBN / ISSN / eISSN
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.05.009
Page (from - to)
215-220
Abstract

Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in a free-air carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment (FACE) field experiment. Grain and biomass yield and its components were determined at maturity and the grain metabolome was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Elevated CO2 (537 versus 409 μl l-1) increased biomass production except for leaves. In total, levels of 16 grain metabolites were decreased and four were increased. CO2 enrichment resulted in significant decreases of amino acids such as o-acetyl-L-homoserine, leucine, arginine, L-homoserine and the group of ornithine, arginine and citrulline and negative trends for norleucine, L-aspartate, proline, L-cysteine and tyrosine. The amines D/L-diaminopimelate and alpha-ketoaminobutyrate and the polyamine putrescine were significantly decreased. In contrast, the polyamine spermidine tended to increase under elevated CO2. Among sugars and sugar derivatives, ribose-5-P was significantly increased, while gluconate-6-P was decreased. There were also negative CO2-induced effects on sugar alcohols: significant for glycerol-2-P (P = 0.008) and almost significant for myo-inositol-P (P = 0.066). In contrast, organic acids such as pyruvate and glucuronic acid were significantly increased. Overall, the N-rich metabolites especially were reduced. CO2 enrichment can markedly affect the physiology and metabolome of mature grains which may in turn lead to changes in nutritional status.

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